Inside Outdoor Winter 2015

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Inside Outdoor | Winter 2015 68
breakdown to the extent of at least 90
percent to H2O and CO2 and biomass
within six months.
There are other standards as well
with DIN V49000 from the German
Institute for Standardization being the
strictest in the allowance of heavy
metals. Many might be familiar with
DIN standards for their safe release ski
bindings.
Consumer Product
Safety Commission (CPSC)
The Consumer Product Safety
Commission is a U.S. Federal agency in
charge of public safety associated with
consumer products. The CPSC Web site
states “Deaths, injuries, and property
damage from consumer product
incidents cost the nation more
than $1 trillion annually. CPSC is
committed to protecting consumers
and families from products that
pose a fire, electrical, chemical, or
mechanical hazard.” For example,
the Consumer Product Safety
Improvement Act of 2008 (CPSIA)
tect children from
lead and phthalates 12 years of age
or younger.
Cradle-to-cradle
The life cycle of a product frommanu-
facture to re-manufacture.
Cradle-to-gate
cle of a product or
cture to end
user. Also known as environmental
product declarations (EPD).
Cradle-to-grave
The life cycle of a product from
manufacture to end-of-use disposal
(see table on page 41).
D gradable
A material that undergoes
chemical change and a loss of original
characteristics due to environmental
conditions. There are no requirements
for time, process or toxicity for this
method.
EmissionsTrading
(Cap andTrade)
A practice in which businesses
are given an emissions cap, in the
form of credits, that allows them to
pollute up to a maximum credit level.
Businesses that exceed their cap
must purchase (or trade) credits from
a company that has not exceeded its
cap or from trading platforms such as
the Chicago Climate Exchange (CCX),
the European Climate Exchange
(ECX) and/or Montreal Climate
Exchange (MCeX).
Problems with the Cap and Trade
concept include where to set the
initial levels of the caps, retiring old
credits, resetting caps and regulatory/
compliance standards.
Environmental Product
Declarations (EPD)
The life cycle of a product from
manufacture to end user. Also know as
cradle-to-gate.
Forest Stewardship
Council (FSC)
The FCS’s mission is to encourage
sustainable development (see Sustain-
able Development) practices among the
world’s forests. Ten principles and 57
criteria define forests certified by the
FSC. There are two certifications awarded
by the Forest Stewardship Council: a For-
est Management and Chain of Custody
certification. Both certifications use
FSC’s principles and criteria to obtain a
certificate of compliance. Manufacturers